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''Three new orchid species from the island of Mindanao and Palawan, Philippines''

10/6/2018

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Derek Cabactulan, Dr. Miguel David De Leon, Reynold Pimentel & Jim Cootes

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Bulbophyllum pyrrosifolium     Photo: Miguel D. De Leon
Abstract: A new Bulbophyllum species, Bulbophyllum pyrrosifolium (sect. Brachystachyae), and a new Dendrobium species are proposed from the province Bukidnon, Mindanao and a new Dendrobium species from the island province of Palawan is also proposed.

The unusual and attractive foliage of Bulbophyllum pyrrosifolium is similar to the Bornean species Bulbophyllum botryophorum Ridley. Unlike the latter, the leaves of B. pyrrosifolium are ermarginate and do not lay on the substrat. The pseudobulbs of B. pyrrosifolium are clustered on  the rhizome whilst those of Bulbophyllum botryophorum are spaced at intervals approximately 5 - 9 millimeters; also B. pyrrosifolium has a few-flowered inflorescence whilst that of Bulbophyllum botryophorum is a many-flowered, compact inflorescence.

Bulbophyllum pyrrosifolium is only known from Bukidnon on Mindanao. It grows as an epiphytes, in partial shade in mossy dipterocarp forest, at 1,600 metres above sea level.

Published in OrchideenJournal, Vol. 6-5: 9 - 13
http://www.orchideen-journal.de/descriptions.htm

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''Bulbophyllum irianae and B. adolinae (Orchidaceae: Dendrobiinae), two new species of sections Hoplandra and Peltopus from Indonesian New Guinea''

10/5/2018

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André Schuiteman, Ed De Vogel, Charlie D. Heatubun, Jimmy F. Wanma, Filep Mambor, Daawia Suhartawan & Eline Hoogendijk 

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Bulbophyllum irianae    Photo: Daawia Suhartawan
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Bulbophyllum irianae    Photo: Eline Hoogendijk
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Bulbophyllum adolinae     Photos: André Schuiteman
Abstract: Two new species of Bulbophyllum are described here as Bulbophyllum irianae (sect. Hoplandra) and Bulbophyllum adolinae (sect. Peltopus)
Bulbophyllum irianae ist most similar to Bulbophyllum obovatifolium J.J.Sm., but differs in the apex of the median sepal which is a long, solid, terete, subulate awl c. 0.8 cm long that is adaxially in the lower half flat, has no crest or keel, and narrows continuously and gradually into very thin, narrowly acute tip (versus median sepal keeled, acute, concave, the top half in the middle conduplicate, laterally compressed); the lip from above slender narrowly triangular with a narrowly acute apex and a smooth upper surface without ornamentation (versus lip from above tongue-shaped with an obtuse apex and a channeled upper side with two ribs and a low small rib in the middle); lateral sepals c. 8.2 cm long and 6 times twisted around each-other (versus lateral sepals c 4.5 cm long and not twisted).

Bulbophyllum harposepalum Schltr. is often treated as a synonym of B. obovatifolium. It differs from B. irianae in the much smaller, not twisted sepals, the broader and obtuse lip with a median depression and obtuse apex, and in the median sepal which is towards the top conduplicate-compressed and keel-like, rather blunt, not gradually tapering.

It grows as a crown epiphyte in slightly disturbed rain forest with trees up to c. 45 m tall, with much undergrowth. Terrain undulating to steep. Elevation c. 300 m. Flowering in the wild in February.

Bulbophyllum adolinae differs from B. octarrhenipetalum J.J.Sm. in the terminal callus of the column-foot, which is bilobed, with one lobe pointing upwards and one, almost equally large, lobe pointing downwards (versus only one upwards-pointing callus in B. octarrhenipetalum); rostellum minute, erect (versus rostellum distinctly protruding, porrect); petals only 0.6 mm wide (versus petals 0.9 - 2.5 mm wide), sepals with glabrous, not ciliate, margins, and the bright yellow lip (versus lip white or purple).

A thorough revision of Bulbophyllum sect. Peltopus was published by J.J. Vermeulen (1993). Among the 32 species recognized by him, only B. octarrhenipetalum J.J.Sm. is similar enough that a careful comparison is required to tell them apart. Vermeulen's view, B. octarrhenipetalum is an extraordinarily variable species. Field studies are needed in order to establish if the variation is truly infraspecific and not caused by hybridization. Bulbophyllum adolinae was discovered in 2014 during a joint field trip in the Arfak Mountains, West Papua Province, Indonesia, carried out by staff of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (André Schuiteman and Marie Briggs) and the Universitas of Papua.

It is a Epiphyte on moss-covered tree trunks in montane forest. Elevation 1970 m. Flowering observed in July.

Published in OrchideenJournal, Vol. 6-5: 3 - 8
http://www.orchideen-journal.de/descriptions.htm

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''New species of Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae) in the flora of Vietnam''

9/12/2018

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Leonid V. Averyanov, Nong Van Duy, Nguyen Hoang Tuan, Maxim S. Nuraliev, Tatiana V. Maisak & Nguyen Cong Anh

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Bulbophyllum cariniflorum var. orlovii   Photo: N. Orlov
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Bulbophyllum sonii     Photo: N. X. Son
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Bulbophyllum ustulata   Photo: N. Orlov
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Bulbophyllum flavescens    Photo: N. Orlov
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Bulbophyllum physocoryphum   Photo: N. Nuraliev
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Bulbophyllum ovatum    Photo: L. Averyanov
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Bulbophyllum wendlandianum    Photos: N.H. Tuan
Abstract: Three taxa, Bulbophyllum cariniflorum var. orlovii (sect. Pleiophyllum), Bulbophyllum sonii (sect. Anisopetalon) and Bulbophyllum ustulata (sect. Brachystachya) are described as new for science. All of these novelties are local endemics of Vietnam. Additionally, four species, Bulbophyllum flavescens (sect. Aphanobulbon), Bulbophyllum ovatum (sect. Desmosanthes), Bulbophyllum physocoryphum (sect. Macrocaulia) and Bulbophyllum wendlandianum (sect. Cirrhopetalum) are recorded for the flora of Vietnam for the first time. These species are endemic of the Indochinese Peninsula in a broad sense, except for Bulbophyllum flavescens having wide distribution in western Malesia. Data on ecology, phenology, distribution, brief relevant taxonomic notes, as well as colour photographs and line drawings of the type and voucher specimens are provided for all reported taxa. Lectotypification is provided for Bulbophyllum wendlandianum.
Bulbophyllum cariniflorum has for a long time been taxonomically placed into a rather formal artificial group of deviated Bulbophyllum species known as a B. section Pleiophyllum (Seidenfaden, 1979; Pearce & Cribb, 2002; Chen et al. 2009). All these species have more or less similar 2-leaved pseudobulbs that is quite unusual for the genus. Meanwhile, species of this section show hardly close relations. At least B. cariniflorum and its close allies, such as B. triste Reichenbach (1861: 253) and B. viridiflorum (Hooker 1890: 779) Schlechter (1910: 108) look much more close to some members of B. sect. Anisopetalon (Hooker 1825: tab. 149) Lindley (1846: 181) according to their floral morphology. Our plant undoubtedly belongs to this group and most close to B. cariniflorum distributed mainly in the Himalayas. However, it distinctly differs from other known specimens of this species in such morphological details as large, slightly flattened, often 3-leaved pseudobulbs (1.8)2.5–3.0(3.4) cm tall and wide (vs. 2-leaved ovoid pseudobulbs 1–1.5 cm tall), large leaves (10)12–18(20) cm long (vs. 12–15 cm long), long panicle (2.0)3.0–5.0(6.5) cm long (vs. 2–3 cm long), narrowly ovate floral bracts (vs. narrowly lanceolate) and falcate, back curved stelidia (vs. straight erect subulate stelidia). Described variety belongs to species newly recorded in the flora of Vietnam. The discovery of our plant in Vietnam essentially extends the known species distribution area to the East and represents its first record in eastern Indochina.
Bulbophyllum sonii belongs to the rather formal group of species with simple lip (having no auricles or any other ornamentation) belonging to B. sect. Anisopetalon (= Racemosae). Bulbophyllum brevispicatum Z.H.Tsi & S.C.Chen (1994: 555) and B. triviale Seidenfaden (1979: 111) are probably most close to our plant. Some species with auriculate lip, e.g. B. allenkerrii Seidenfaden (1979: 112) and B. bittnerianum Schleichter (1910: 108), also show certain similarity with the new species. Our plant strikingly differs from all more or less similar known species in its dwarf habit, pendulous inflorescence, twice smaller flowers and curious setose hairiness on abaxial surface of sepals consisting of white dense papillous hairs.
Bulbophyllum ustulata belongs to B. sect. Brachystachya (= B. sect. Globiceps ) and is allied to some Himalayan taxa, namely Bulbophyllum conchiferum Reichenbach (1861: 253), B. cylindraceum Lindley (1830: 53) and B. khasyanum Griffith (1851: 284). Similarly, to these species, our plant possesses very small pseudobulbs, elongate, nodding, spadix-like, dense inflorescence with small sessile, flattened, overlapping flowers densely appressed to rather fleshy rachis. Meanwhile, the discovered plant cannot be identified as any of the above-mentioned species. Among the mentioned species, the new species may be most close to B. conchiferum undeservedly regarded as a synonym of B. khasyanum (Pearce & Cribb 2002), which type specimen has short, almost head-like spike. Inflorescence and flowers of B. ustulata fits well the excellent analytical drawing presented on type herbarium specimen of B. conchiferum stored at K [K000894441] in elongate rachis, dense, shell-like sessile flowers, acuminate, revolute apex of median sepal, acuminate recurved petals, 2-keeled lip and long stelidia. However, our plant differs from B. conchiferum in large involucral sheathing bract at the base of rachis (a feature that is also observed in typical samples of B. cylindraceum), glandular hairy median sepal, straight stelidia (vs. stelidia at the middle upward bent) and fleshy inflated margin of stigma close to the base of column foot. The new species was collected in a single location near summit of Phu Xai Lai Leng Mountain very close to the Laotian border.
The discovery of Bulbophyllum flavescens (Blume) Lindl. previously believed to be a Malesian endemic in northern Vietnam is remarkable and unexpected. The newly discovered quite isolated location expands known distribution area of this species almost 2000 km in northwestern direction and illustrates well the connection of Malesian flora with marginal tropical floras of mainland Asia. At the same time, the discovered Indochinese population certainly possesses relict nature and surely represents ancient geographical isolation resulted in some morphological divergence. The studied Vietnamese plants well differ from quite variable specimens described in details from the main area of the species distribution (Comber 1990, 2001, Seidenfaden & Wood 1992) in larger flowers with sepals 13–15 mm long (vs. sepals 6–8 mm long in Peninsular Malaysia and 10–11 mm long in Sumatra and Java) and narrowly lanceolate leaves 1.6–2 cm wide (vs. broadly lanceolate leaves 2–3 mm wide). In this connection, our plants probably represent a separate variety and need additional studies. 
The specimens of Bulbophyllum ovatum Seidenfaden look identical with the species described from southern Thailand (Seidenfaden 1979) and initially regarded as local endemic of the Malay Peninsula. The population of this species discovered in northern Vietnam is distant from locus classicus at more than 1200 km in NNE direction.

Recent discovery of Bulbophyllum physocoryphum Seidenfaden in southern Vietnam and in Cambodia (Averyanov et al. 2016a) provides evidence of its much border distribution in southern Indochina than it was expected before.

The present discovery extends known distribution area of Bulbophyllum wendlandianum to almost 1000 km in SE direction and adds one more eastern Himalayan species to the flora of Vietnam. There are few doubts that this rare species may also be found in northern Laos. This species may be regarded as a true endemic of northern Indochina. Type herbarium material of B. wendlandianum was most likely destroyed or lost: “I do not know if a type specimen of Kränzlin’s plant exists, ...” (Seidenfaden 1972). Hence, the drawing which was probably based on the original material is designated here as a lectotype.
Note(b.info): Following G.A. Fischer & Vermeuelen 2014 and Vermeulen et al. 2014, B. cariniflorum v. orlovii belogns to sect. Lemniscata, B. sonii to sect. Racemosae, B. flavescens to sect. Stachysanthes and B. wendlandianum to sect. Cirrhopetaloides.
Published in Phytotaxa 369 (1): 1 - 14
DOI: ​https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.369.1.1
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''Bulbophyllum isabellinum Cavestro et J. Champion – a New Species of Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae, Dendrobieae) from Central Kalimantan in Indonesia''

6/30/2018

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Dr. William Cavestro & Jeffrey Champion

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Bulbophyllum isabellinum    Photos: J. Champion
Abstract: This article presents a new species of Bulbophyllum named Bulbophyllum isabellinum and native of Central Kalimantan in Indonesia. This species is close to Bulbophyllum gusdorfii J. J. Sm. but differs in shorter, sulcate, emarginate (neither acute, nor acuminate), yellow orange and tawny lateral sepals (not flat), in petals triangular and shorter, neither fimbriate nor papillose at apex, and also in a tongue-shaped (not oblong-ovate) labellum with three ridges at base, and in the middle with a median very short and inconspicuous ridge.
Bulbophyllum isabellinum Cavestro et J. Champion spec. nov. is simillar to Bulbophyllum gusdorfii J. J. Sm. but differs in close and shorter ovoid pseudobulbs; shorter and elliptic-ovate leaves; shorter and sulcate lateral sepals (not flat), emarginated (neither acute, nor acuminate), yellow orange and tawny, triangular and shorter petals, neither fimbriate nor papillose at apex, a labellum tongue-shaped (not oblong-ovate), shorter with three ridges at base and in the middle, a median ridge very short and inconspicuous.

Published in Die Orchidee 4(09), 2018/E-Paper
​https://orchidee.de/e-paper/taxonomische-mitteilungen/

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''Nineteen new orchid species from northern Mindanao, Philippines''

4/17/2018

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Derek D. Cabactulan, Jim Cootes, Miguel David De Leon, Reynold B. Pimentel, Fernando B. Aurigue, and Neil K. Binayao III

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Bulbophyllum alboaligerum    Photo: Miguel D. de Leon
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Bulbophyllum crassiusculum    Photo: Miguel D. de Leon
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Bulbophyllum prasinoglossum   Photo: Miguel D. de Leon
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Bulbophyllum puberulosum    Photo: Miguel D. de Leon
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Bulbophyllum vinicolor    Photo: Miguel D. de Leon
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Epicrianthes charishampliae    Photo: Miguel D. de Leon
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Epicrianthes jimcootesii    Photo: Miguel D. de Leon
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Epicrianthes neilkonradii    Photo: Miguel D. de Leon
Abstract: (...), Bulbophyllum alboaligerum (sect. Macrocaulia) Cabactulan, Cootes, M.D. De Leon & Pimentel, Bulb. crassiusculum (sect. Stachysanthes) Cabactulan, Cootes, M.D. De Leon & Pimentel, Bulb. prasinoglossum (sect. Brachystachyae) Cabactulan, Cootes, M.D. De Leon, & Pimentel, Bulb. puberulosum (sect. Stachysanthes) Cabactulan, Cootes, M.D. De Leon, & Pimentel, Bulb. vinicolor ( sect. Brachystachyae) Cabactulan, Cootes, Aurigue, Pimentel & M.D. De Leon, (...), Epicrianthes charishampeliae Cabactulan, M.D. De Leon, Cootes & Pimentel, Epicr. jimcootesii Cabactulan, M.D. De Leon & Pimentel, Epicr. neilkonradii Cabactulan, Cootes, M.D. De Leon & Pimentel, (...), are all described as new to science.
Bulbophyllum alboaligerum is most similar to Bulb. leproglossum J.J. Vermeulen and Lamb from Borneo. It differs in the edges of the dorsal sepal and the petals, which in Bulb. alboaligerum are slightly erose, whilst the dorsal sepal and petals of Bulb. leproglossum are entire; and the apices of the labellum which in Bulb. alboaligerum is papillose, whereas that of Bulb. leproglossum is glabrous. The lateral sepals are also occasionally adnate as in Bulbophyllum pelicanopsis J.J. Verm & Lamb.
Bulbophyllum crassiusculum is most similar to Bulb. unguiculatum Rchb. f., but differs in the shape of the labellum which in Bulb. crassiusculum is sharply curved downwards with a recurving apex, the labellum of Bulb. unguiculatum is evenly curved; the edge of the labellum of Bulb. crassiusculum is minutely ciliate, whereas the edge of the labellum of Bulb. unguiculatum is entire; the petals of Bulb. crassiusculum are lanceolate, whereas the petals of Bulb. unguiculatum are obovate to elliptic.
Bulbophyllum prasinoglossum is most similar to Bulb. submarmoratum J.J. Sm., but differs in the much shorter, upright infl orescence of Bulb. prasinoglossum; and the positioning of the ridges on the labellum, which in Bulb. prasinoglossum are in a central position, close together, the central ridges on the labellum of Bulb. submarmoratum are more widely spaced; the petals of Bulb. prasinoglossum are ovate, whereas those of Bulb. submarmoratum are triangular.
Bulbophyllum puberulosum is most similar to Bulb. crassiusculum Cabactulan, Cootes, M.D. De Leon and Pimentel, but differs in the size of the flowers, 6 mm across the lateral sepals in Bulb. crassiusculum versus 4.3 mm across the lateral sepals in Bulb. puberulosum; the shape of the leaves in Bulb. crassiusculum are semi-terete, whereas the leaves of Bulb. puberulosum are flattened (this feature has remained constant amongst the flowering plants examined from different localities); and the keel of Bulb. crassiusculum, at its column foot is low and bluntly, broadly triangular when viewed in profi le, whereas the keel of Bulb. puberulosum is more prominent and runs from the centre of the column foot to the column; when viewed from the front it is triangular, raised, and well-demarcated from the column foot. 
Bulbophyllum vinicolor is most similar to Bulb. hyposiphon from Borneo but differs in the shape of the labellum, which in Bulb. vinicolor is distinctly recurved, with a deep channel lengthwise, whereas the labellum of Bulb. hyposiphon is gently curved; the shape of the stelidia of Bulb. vinicolor are three-toothed at the apex, whereas the stelidia of Bulb. hyposiphon have a single, minute tooth centrally.
Epicrianthes charishampeliae is most similar to Bulbophyllum stenomeris J.J. Verm. and O’Byrne, from section Epicrianthes, but differs in the ornamentation of the labellum, which in Epicr. charishampeliae is vesiculate, whereas the labellum of Bulb. stenomeris is almost glabrous; and the column of Epicr. charishampeliae which bears a single, downward-pointing tooth, whereas the column of Bulb. stenomeris bears two, downward-pointing teeth.
Epicrianthes jimcootesii is most similar to Epicrianthes davidii, but differs in the number of appendages on the petals, which in Epicr. jimcootesii number up to 10 on each side, whereas the petal appendages of Epicr. davidii number up to 6 only on each side; the labellum of Epicr. jimcootesii is heavily papillose on its sides and underside, whereas the labellum of Epicr. davidii is glabrous.
Epicrianthes neilkonradii is most similar to Epicr. aquinoi Cootes, M.D. De Leon and Naive, but differs in surface structure of the labellum which in Epicr. neilkonradii is vesicular to papillose, whereas the labellum surface of Epicr. aquinoi is glabrous; the petal appendages of Epicr. neilkonradii vary from three to fi ve in number (the outer two can be vestigial), whereas the petal appendages of Epicr. aquinoi are always three in number; and the leaves of Epicr. neilkonradii are lanceolate and purplish dark green, whilst those of Epicr. aquinoi are ovate to ovate-cordate and plain green to bright green. 

Published in OrchideenJournal, Vol. 6-2: 3 - 21
http://www.orchideen-journal.de/descriptions.htm

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''Two new Bulbophyllum Species from Peninsular Malaysia''

3/31/2018

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Peter O'Byrne & Ong Poh Teck

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Bulbophyllum jayjayveeanum    Photo: P. T. Ong
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Bulbophyllum nazrii    Photo: P. T. Ong
Abstract: Two new Bulbophyllum species from Peninsular Malaysia are dedscribed and  llustrated: Bulbophyllum jayjayveeanum (sect. Rhinanthera) and Bulbophyllum nazrii (sect. Monanthaparva).
Bulbophyllum jayjayveeanum  is unique in the section in the ovary being much longer than the pedicel, and the lateral sepal margins being erose near apex. It also differs from Bulbophyllum turpe J. J. VERM. et P. O’BYRNE in having a very crowded rachis, lateral sepals less than 7 mm long, a column with a small rounded tooth on each margin, and a column-foot with a rounded apex that lacks a raised tooth.
Bulbophyllum nazrii differs from Bulbophyllum comberi J. J. VERM. in having a retrorse uncinate tooth on the column wing, a stigma with a protruding basal margin, a lip that lacks cilia and has irregularly pectinate margins, and broad-lanceolate petals.

Published in Die Orchidee 4(05), 2018/E-Paper
https://orchidee.de/e-paper/taxonomische-mitteilungen/

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''Additions to the orchid flora of Laos and taxonomic notes on orchids of the Indo-Burma region''

3/21/2018

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Pankaj Kumar, Stephan W. Gale, Henrik Æ. Pedersen, Thatsaphone Phaxaysombath, Somsanith Bouamanivong and Gunter A. Fischer

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Bulbophyllum alcicorne     Photo: Stephan W. Gale
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Bulbophyllum meson     Photo:  Thatsaphone Phaxaysombath
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Bulbophyllum monoliforme     Photo:  Pankaj Kumar
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Bulbophyllum scabratum    Photo:  Pankaj Kumar
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Bulbophyllum seidenfadenii; Figure 87 from Seidenfaden (1973a)
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Bulbophyllum seidenfadenii; Type specimen A.D.Kerr 2826 at Copenhagen (C);   Photo:  Henrik Æ. Pedersen
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Bulbophyllum seidenfadenii in situ in China;   Photo: Bingmou Wang
Taxonomic notes on Bulbophyllum tipula:
Averyanov et al. (2016b) described Bulbophyllum tipula from northern Vietnam, noting that it bears no clear affinity to any other known species and hence could not be assigned to any particular section. Wang et al. (2017) published B. lipingtaoi from China and compared it with B. japonicum, B. muscicola and B. omerandrum. According to their phylogram, the new species was found to be close to B. japonicum and hence they placed it in section Brachyantha Rchb.f. Bulbophyllum lipingtaoi shares virtually identical morphological traits and dimensions with B. tipula (diminutive, scrambling epiphyte with rugose pseudobulbs; inflorescence emerging from base of pseudobulb or rhizome node, bearing up to 3 sterile bracts; solitary flower with entire, ovate dorsal sepals, elongate lanceolate lateral sepals up to 2 cm long and a labellum lacking side lobes; column with a forward curving foot at base, small, rounded wings and minute, triangular stelidia). Malipo, the type locality of B. lipingtaoi, lies within 80 km of Bac Me District in northern Vietnam, and the habitat at both sites is humid evergreen forest on limestone karst above 1000 m elevation. We conclude that B. lipingtaoi should be synonymised under B. tipula.
Abstract: The following nine new additions to the orchid flora of Laos PDR are reported based on surveys in the country conducted during the period 2012–2017: Bulbophyllum alcicorne, B. meson, Coelogyne suaveolens, Cyrtosia nana, Dendrobium phuketense, Oberonia rhizoides, Phaius columnaris, Thelasis khasiana and Zeuxine longilabris. The taxonomy of a further 15 orchid taxa (Bulbophyllum guttulatum, B. moniliforme, B. sarcophyllum, B. scabratum, B. seidenfadenii, B. tipula, Cleisostoma lecongkietii, Coelogyne ovalis, Dendrobium chapaense, D. crepidatum, D. wattii, Habenaria gibsonii var. foetida, H. malintana, Luisia zeylanica and Phalaenopsis pulcherrima) native to Laos or adjacent countries is reviewed, resulting in the synonymisation of 20 names. In addition, new combinations are made for Grosourdya vietnamica, Luisia sonii and Holcoglossum gaoligongense to bring them in line with recent changes in the classification of the orchid family.
Taxonomic notes on Bulbophyllum moniliforme: (...) Within Bulbophyllum, it is readily assigned to Section Minutissima Pfitz. on the basis of its minute pseudobulbs that give rise to a single leaf and a 1-flowered inflorescence, its tubular floral bract, free sepals, undivided labellum that lacks a cavity on the adaxial surface, and its column foot that is not swollen distally (Pridgeon et al. 2014). Recently, Rao (2017) reduced B. paramjithii to the synonymy of B. jejosephii. The distribution of each of B. subtenellum, B. paramjithii and B. jejosephii falls within the wider distribution range of B. moniliforme (Govaerts et al. 2017). Variation in the number of veins in the sepals from three to five gives rise to overlapping character states, as is evident from figure 4E in Averyanov et al. (2016b), which shows lateral sepals with both three and four veins in a single flower of B. subtenellum. In the absence of any decisive morphological differences, we conclude that B. subtenellum, B. paramjithii and B. jejosephii cannot be maintained as distinct from B. moniliforme.
Taxonomic notes on Bulbophyllum scabratum: Following Govaerts et al. (2017), we have three species, B. psychoon (= B. lockii), B. levinei (= B. insulsum) and B. scabratum (= B. confertum), to take into consideration in resolving the taxonomy of this group of similar plants with overlapping distribution ranges in Indochina. All three show similar vegetative (clustered pseudobulbs; elliptic to lanceolate solitary leaf ca. 6 cm long) and reproductive morphology (peduncle with two sterile bracts; off-white flowers; labellum lacking sidelobes, apex tapering, longitudinally grooved on the upper surface; column shortly winged below the stigma, bearing two protruding stelidia 0.3–0.4 mm long). Bulbophyllum levinei has a dorsal sepal with an erose margin and divergent lateral sepals; in contrast, the dorsal sepal of B. psychoon is regarded as entire and the lateral sepals of this species are parallel; B. scabratum also has a dorsal sepal with an entire margin but its lateral sepals are either parallel or divergent. Variation in the placement of the lateral sepals, whether divergent, March 2018 Kumar et al.: Orchids of Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot. 71 convergent or parallel, is sometimes observed in flowers on the same infloresence in Bulbophyllum (for example, as reported in B. retusiusculum by Lin & Wang 2014), hence this character cannot be considered significant for species delimitation. Furthermore, while studying living plants of B. levinei, we have observed that the margins of the dorsal sepal may appear entire when examined with the naked eye, but under a microscope they are certainly minutely erose. Similar observations were made with respect to B. lockii in Vietnam (Averyanov & Averyanova 2006, L. Averyanov, pers. comm.). We therefore find it likely that this character state has in many cases been overlooked by previous authors, and hence conclude that B. psychoon and B. levinei should be considered conspecific with B. scabratum. Global Distribution. Bhutan, 
Taxonomic notes on Bulbophyllum seidenfadenii:
(...) Bulbophyllum seidenfadenii (Kerr 1973) and B. jingdongense (Hu et al. 2017b) both belong to the “Cirrhopetalum alliance” and exhibit similar vegetative morphology (pseudobulbs globose, subglobose or ovoid, oblique or not, wrinkled, olive-green or reddish-purple, 5.0–14.0 mm in diameter, 4.2–9.3 mm tall, placed at 2.5–12. 5 mm intervals and embedded in the rhizome to give the impression that the roots are emerging directly from the pseudobulbs; leaf solitary, elliptic, orbicular or ovate, acute or obtuse, equally or unequally 2-lobed, 7– 11 veined, dark to dull green above, purple underneath) as well as reproductive characters (peduncle 6–11 mm long, with 2–3 sheaths at base, bearing 4–6 purple-spotted flowers in an umbellate arrangement; labellum without sidelobes; column with broad stelidia), both of which are rather variable between plants. Although Hu et al. (2017b) reported the stelidia in B. jingdongense to be “basally truncate, apex acuminate, .…merging with the column wings at apex”, we find this description to be essentially consistent with the broad stelidia present in B. seidenfadenii. Hu et al. (2017b) also specifically mention the presence of a conspicuous gland below the stigma on the column in B. jingdongense, and although neither Kerr (1973) nor Seidenfaden (1973a) refer to an equivalent structure in B. seidenfadenii, re-examination of the type specimen confirms the presence of a distinct, transversely ellipsoid projection (we are unable to confirm whether this is a gland or not) on the ventral side of the column. Although rarely mentioned in descriptions of Bulbophyllum species, ‘glands’ below the stigma are not uncommon in the genus (e.g. Verma et al. 2015). Hence, we conclude that B. jingdongense should be regarded as a synonym of B. seidenfadenii.  
Taxonomic notes on Bulbophyllum guttulatum:    (...) Bulbophyllum chyrmangensis was differentiated from B. guttulatum on the basis of its shorter inflorescence, fewer but larger flowers and the hairy margin of its labellum (Verma et al. 2015). Hooker (1890b) states the scape of B. guttulatum to be 6–10 inches (15–25 cm) long and equal to or exceeding the leaf, and the type specimen bears seven leaves with wide morphological variation. Seidenfaden (1992) provided a sketch from the type showing only four flowers in the inflorescence, whereas the illustration given by King & Pantling (1898) shows nine. Misra (2004), on the other hand, noted the length of the inflorescence in plants from central India to be 6–7 cm long. Most of these characters used for distinguishing the new species are therefore very variable and entirely overlapping with the morphology of B. guttulatum. Moreover, the distribution of B. chyrmangensis lies within the much wider distribution range of B. guttulatum (Govaerts et al. 2017). Given these observations, as well as the identical morphology of key species-level characters such as stelidia dimensions and orientation (filiform and projecting forward in both cases) and column wing outline (triangular in both cases), B. chyrmangensis is hereby synonymised under B. guttulatum. 
Taxonomic notes of Bulbophyllum sarcophyllum:
(...) In terms of the creeping rhizome, discoid bulbs spaced at 3–6 cm intervals and enclosed by a deciduous sheath (or fibrous remains of the sheath once it has fallen away), the umbellate inflorescence with sterile bracts present on the base as well as in the middle of the peduncle, filiform stelidia 0.8–0.9 mm in length that project forward, and rounded column wings, B. cherrapunjeense is inseparable from B. sarcophyllum, and is therefore here reduced to the synonymy of the latter. As discussed in the notes given under B. sarcophylloides above, Pearce & Cribb (2002) already specified the holotype for B. sarcophyllum (Pantling 95, CAL), although the condition of this specimen is poor.
Published in Taiwania 2018 vol.63 no.1 pp.61-83
DOI: 10.6165/tai.2018.63.61
http://tai2.ntu.edu.tw/taiwania/abstract.php?type=abstract&id=1544
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''New Taxa in Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Malaxideae) from New Guinea, Lifting a Mega-Genus over the 2000-Species Mark''

1/2/2018

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Jaap J. Vermeulen, André Schuiteman & Eduard F. de Vogel

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Bulbophyllum katjae    Photo: J.J. Vermeulen
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Bulbophyllum najae    Photo: P. Jongejan
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Bulbophyllum palleucum   Photo: E.F. de Vogel
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Bulbophyllum stolleanum   Photo: P. Jongejan
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Bulbophyllum yumtei   Photo: A. Schuiteman
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Bulbophyllum gunteri   Photo: A. Sieder
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Bulbophyllum brachygnomon   Photo: J. Meijvogel
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Bulbophyllum campylopetalum   Photo: P. Jongejan
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Bulbophyllum schizodon   Photo: A. Schuiteman
Summary: The new section Lasiogaster is proposed to accommodate two species of Bulbophyllum from Sulawesi and New Guinea. Fifteen new species of Bulbophyllum of sections Brachypus, Lasiogaster, Papulipetalum and Peltopus from New Guinea are described and illustrated. According to our list of accepted species this brings the total number in the genus to 2008. Bulbophyllum stolleanum is neotypified.
Bulbophyllum chionanthum sp. nov. (sect. Brachypus) shares with B. tetratropis the narrow sepals (ratio length/width of lateral sepals 2.5 or more), combined with an ellipticto obovate median sepal. It differs from B. tetratropis by the smaller lip (2.8 - 3.0 mm long, versus 5.0 - 5.5 mm long), and by the glabrous (not ciliolate) lip margins.
Bulbophyllum katjae sp. nov. (sect. Brachypus) is most similar to B. cerinum Schltr.; diagnostic is the absence of a distinct ridge along each side of the column that follows the lower margin of the petals. Additional differences are the length of the petals (3.9 - 5.5 mm long versus 5.5 - 7.5 mm in B. cerinum) and the length of the lip (3.9 - 4.8 mm versus 4.8 - 7.2 mm in B. cerinum). The sepals are less distinctly thickened towards the apex, and more sharply acute in B. katjae.
Plants with short and wide lateral sepals may resemble B. yumtei, below, which differs by the obovate-oblong (versus triangular) petals. The lip structure of B. yumtei is also different, see notes under that species.
Bulbophyllum najae sp. nov. (sect. Brachypus) shares the basally adherent or adnate, glossy sepals with B. maxillarioides Schltr., and B. rhomboglossum Schltr., both from sect. Brachypus. It differs from the first by its glabrous (not ciliolate) lip margins, from the second by the wider sepals (median sepal 8.5 - 11.6 mm wiede, versus 5.0 - 6.0 mm wide; lateral sepals 7.0 - 11.0 mm wiede, versus 5.2 - 6.2 mm wide).
Within section Brachypus, Bulbophyllum palleucum sp. nov. shares with B. galactanthum Schltr., B. versteegii J.J.Sm., and B. stolleanum Schltr. (see below), the set: narrow sepals (ratio length/width of lateral sepals 2.5 or more), median sepal ovate to triangular, and lateral sepals narrow (3 - 5.8 mm wiede). B. palleucum differs from all three by the wide petals (1.8 - 2 mm wide, versus 0.5 - 0.9 mm wiede).
Within section Brachypus, Bulbophyllum schistocodon sp. nov. is characterized by the adherence of the median sepal to the laterals along approximately one third of its length. Only B. ustusfortiter J.J.Verm., of the same section, has similar flowers, but here the median sepal adheres to the laterals almost from base to apex, leaving only a small lumen at the apex of the flower.
We cannot trace any extant type material of Bulbophyllum stolleanum Schltr. (sect. Brachypus), for which reason we indicate and illustrate a neotype.
Winthin section Brachypus, Bulbophyllum tetratropis sp. nov. is uniquely characterized by the presence of four ridges on the adaxial side of the lip. It shares with B. chionanthum, above, the narrow sepals (ratio length/width of lateral sepals 2.5 or more), combined with an elliptic to obovate median sepal; the differences between the two are given under the latter.
Bulbophyllum yumtei sp. nov. is uniquely characterized within section Brachypus by the high ridges on the adaxial side of the lip. As a result, the true lip margins run over the abaxial face of the lip, of which the true abaxial side is only the area in between the lip margins. Next to this, B. yumtei fits in a small group of species within the section with free sepals and the index of the lateral sepals 2.5 or less. Most similar in this group is B. katjae, above, which has triangular, rather than obovate-oblong petals. B. galactanthum Schltr., and B. hans-meyeri J.J.Wood are the other two species in this group; they have shorter sepals (the median 7 - 13 mm long). B. maxillarioides Schltr. is superficially similar to B. yumtei, but has partially connate lateral sepals and a lip lacking high ridges.
Bulbophyllum gunteri sp. nov. (sect. Brachypus?) is most similar to B. phaeoglossum Schltr. and B. pterodon, below; it differs from the first by having ciliolate lip margins. The differences between B. gunteri and B. pterodon are given below.
Bulbophyllum pterodon sp. nov. (sect. Brachypus?) is most similar to B. phaeoglossum Schltr. and B. gunteri, above; it differs from both by having petals more than half as long as the median sepal, and by the presence of a distinct, obtuse wing along the upper margins of the stelidia. It also differs from B. phaeoglossum by its ciliolate lip margin.
Bulbophyllum trutiniferum sp. nov. (sect. Brachypus?) is similar to B. gunteri, and B. pterodon, above, and B. phaeoglossum Schltr.; it differs from all three by the partially adherent sepals and the three-lobed lip.
Bulbophyllum brachygnomon sp. nov. (sect. Brachypus?) is similar to B. variculosum J.J.Verm.; differs by deltoid stelidia, with a rounded to minutely acuminate apex (versus stelidia narrowly triangular, long acuminate or spathulate at the apex).
Section Lasiogaster sect. nov. is most similar to section Monanthaparva Ridl. but differs by the coarsely papillose adaxial lip surface, with papillae arranged in transverse rows.

Bulbophyllum lissogaster sp. nov. differs from B. lasiogaster J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne, from Sulawesi, by its glabrous petals, and the glabrous face of the column.
According to the label (of Woods 365?), the pseudobulbs are growing in 'clustered lines'. The available fragment of the plant has a few root remants growing backwards along the rhizome, but the mode of growing, with creeping or patent rhizomes, cannot be determined with certainty.
Bulbophyllum campylopetalum sp. nov. (sect. Papulipetalum) shares with B. brachychilum Schltr. the partly papillose ridges on the adaxial side of the lip. B. campylopetalum differs by its downwards-falcate, elliptic to obovate petals (versus straight, ovate to triangular petals), as well as by having more prostrate, more distinctly angular pseudobulbs.
Bulbophyllum schizodon sp. nov. (sect. Papulipetalum) is most similar to B. arsoanum J.J.Sm., with which it shares the presence of a tooth below the base of the stigma. In B. schizodon this tooth is deeply divided itno two (in B. arsoanum in consists of a single, transverse ridge). Next to this, B. schizodon has larger petals (6.0 - 6.6 mm long, versus 3.0 - 4.0 mm long), and a lip which is widest in the apical half (versus lip widest in the basal half).
In the revision of section Peltopus (Vermeulen, 1993: 145), Bulbophyllum hapalocodon sp. nov. keys out next to B. scutiferum J.J.Verm. (l.c.: 173); it differs from B. scutiferum by its much longer sepals (median sepal c. 24 mm long, versus 4.5 - 11.5 mm long), which are acuminate-caudate (versus acute), and by the distinctly protruding lower margin of the stigma.
Published in Malesian Orchid Journal Vol. 21 (2018): 31 - 68
​
https://nhpborneo.com/books/plants/moj/
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